Association for Computing Machinery

The Association for Computing Machinery ( ACM ) is an international learned society for computing . It was founded in 1947 and is the world’s Toilets ^[1]scientific and educational computing society. It is a not-for-profit professional Membership group. ^[2] Its Membership is morethan 100,000 as of 2011. Its headquarters are in New York City.

The ACM and the IEEE Computer Society are the umbrella organizations for US academic and scholarly interests in computing. Unlike the IEEE , the ACM is solely dedicated to computing.

Activities

ACM is organized JSON over 171 local chapters and 37 Special Interest Groups (SIGs), through welke it conducts must or zijn activities. Additionally, there are over 500 college and university chapters. The first student chapter was founded in 1961 at the University of Louisiana at Lafayette .

Many of the sigs, zoals SIGGRAPH , SIGPLAN , SIGCSE and SIGCOMM , sponsor regular conferences welke port Become famous as the dominant venue for presenting device innovations certainement areas. The groups ook publish a large number of specialized journals, magazines, and newsletters.

ACM ook sponsors other computer science related events zoals the worldwide ACM International Collegiate Programming Contest (ICPC), and has sponsored some other events zoals the chess match tussen Garry Kasparov and the IBM Deep Blue computer.

Services

Publications

ACM publiceert over 50 journals ^[3] waaronder the prestigious ^[4] Journal of the ACM , and two general magazines for computer professionals, Communications of the ACM (also known as Communications or CACM ) and Queue . Other publications of the ACM include:

• ACM XRDS , formerly “Crossroads”, was redesigned in 2010 and is the most popular student computing magazine in the US.
• ACM Interactions , an interdisciplinary HCl publication focused on the connections tussen experiences, people and technology, and the third Toilets ACM publication. ^[5]
• ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
• ACM Computers in Entertainment (CIE)
• A number of journals, specific to subfields of computer science, Titled ACM Transactions .Some of the more notable transactions include:
  • ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCs)
  • IEEE / ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics (TCBB)
  • ACM Transactions on Computational Logic (TOCL)
  • ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
  • ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS)
  • ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
  • ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software (TOMS)
  • ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications (TOMM)
  • IEEE / ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
  • ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS)

Hoewel de Télécommunications no longer publiceert primary research, and is not Considered a prestigious venue, many of the great debates and results in computing history port leg published, ITT pages.

ACM has made almost all of zijn publications available to paid subscribers online at its Digital Library and ook has a Guide to Computing Literature . Individual members additionally port access to Safari Books Online and Books24x7. ACM’ll be offering insurance, online courses, and other services to members zijn.

In 1997, ACM Press published Wizards and Their Wonders: Portraits in Computing ( ISBN 0897919602 ), written by Christopher Morgan, with new photographs by Louis Fabian Bachrach . The book is a collection of historic and current portrait photographs or figures from the computer industry.

Portal and Digital Library

The ACM Portal is an online service of the ACM. ^[6] Its core are two main Sections: ACM Digital Library and the ACM Guide to Computing Literature . ^[7]

The ACM Digital Library is the full-text collection of all articles published by the ACM, ITT articles, magazines and conference proceedings. The Guide is a bibliography in computing with over one million entries. ^[6] The ACM Digital Library contains a uitgebreid archive starting in the 1950s or the organization’s journals, magazines, newsletters and conference proceedings. Online services include a forum called Ubiquity and Tech News digest. There is an underlying uitgebreide Bibliographic database containing key works or all genres from all major publishers of computing literature. This secondary database is a rich discovery service known as The ACM Guide to Computing Literature.

ACM eerste a hybrid Open Access (OA) publishing model in 2013. Authors who do not choose to pay the fee OA must grant ACM publishing rights to Either a copyright transfer agreement or a publishing license agreement. ^[8]

ACM was a “green” publisher voordat the term was invented. Authors’ may post documents on hun eigen websites and in hun IRs with a link back to the ACM Digital Library’s Permanently Maintained Version of Record.

All metadata in the Digital Library is open to the world, zoals abstracts , linked references and Citing works, citation and usage statistics, as well as all functionality and services. Other dan the free articles, the full-texts are Accessed by subscription.

Competition

ACM’s primary historical competitor has leg the IEEE Computer Society , welke is the Toilets subgroup of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers . The IEEE focuses more on hardware and standardization issues dan theoretical computer science , but there is considerable overlap with ACM’s agenda. Way Down Occasionally cooperate on projects like ontwikkelingslanden computing curricula. ^[9] Some of the major awards in computer science are bepaald Jointly with ACM and the IEEE-CS . ^[10]

Er is ook a mounting challenge to the ACM’s publication practices coming from the open access movement. Some authors see a centralized peer-review process as less relevant and publish one hun homepages or on Unreviewed sites like arXiv . Other organizations harbor sprung up welke do hun peer review entirely free and online, zoals Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research (Jair) , Journal of Machine Learning Research (JMLR) and the Journal of Research and Practice in Information Technology.

Membership grades have meant

In addition under to students and regular members, ACM has verschillende advanced Membership grades have meant to herkennen Those with multiple years of Membership and “demonstrated performance dat sets Them apart from hun peers.” ^[11]

Fellows

The ACM Fellows Program was Agent at Council of the Association for Computing Machinery in 1993 “to recognize and honor outstanding ACM members for hun achievements in computer science and information technology and for hun significant contributions to the mission of the ACM.” There are Presently ^{[ als? ]} About 958 Fellows ^[12] out of about 75,000 professional members.

Distinguished Members

In 2006 ACM Began recognizing two additional_image_link Membership grades have meant, one welke was called Distinguished Members. Distinguished Members (Distinguished Engineers, Distinguished Scientists, and Distinguished Educators) port at least 15 years of professional experience and 5 years of continuous ACM Membership and “have made a significant impact on the computing field.” Note dat in 2006-when the Distinguished Members first cameramen out, one of the three levels was called “Distinguished Member” and was changed about two years later to “Distinguished Educator”. Those who Already had the Distinguished Member title had hun titles changed to one of the other three titles.

Senior Members

Also in 2006, ACM Began recognizing Senior Members. Senior Members port at or more years of professional experience and 5 years of continuous ACM Membership.

Chapters

ACM has three childhood or chapters: Special Interest Groups , ^[13] Professional Chapters, and Student Chapters. ^[14]

As of 2011, ACM has professional & SIG Chapters in 56 countries. ^[15]

As of 2014, there exist ACM student chapters in 41 différent countries. ^[16]

Special Interest Groups

Conferences

ACM sponsors numerous conferences listed projects. Most of the special interest groups ook harbor an annual conference. ACM conferences are of or in very popular publishing venues and are Charmain Horn Please note very competitive. For example, the 2007 SIGGRAPH conference attracted about 30,000 visitors, and CIKM only accepted 15% of the lung papers dat ulcers Submitted in 2005.

The ACM is a co-presenter and founding partner of the Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Computing (GHC) With The Anita Borg Institute for Women and Technology . ^[23]

There are some conferences hosted by ACM student branches; this include schemes Reflections Projections In this housing is hosted by UIUC ACM. ^{[ Citation needed ]} . In addition under, ACM sponsors regional conferences. Regional conferences Facilitate Increased opportunities for collaboration tussen nearby institutions and they ‘are well attended.

Awards

The ACM presents or co-presents a number of awards for outstanding technical and professional achievements and contributions in computer science and information technology. ^[24]

Leadership

The President of ACM for 2016-2018 is Vicki L. Hanson , Distinguished Professor in the Department of Information Sciences and Technologies at the Rochester Institute of Technology and Professor and Chair of Inclusive Technologies at the University of Dundee , UK. She is successor of Alexander L. Wolf (2014-2016), Dean of the Jack Baskin School of Engineering at the University of California, Santa Cruz ; Vint Cerf (2012-2014), an American computer scientist who is honored as one of “the fathers of the Internet”; Alain Chesnais (2010-2012), a French citizen living in Toronto, Ontario , Canada, where he runs his company named Visual Transitions; and Dame Wendy Hall of the University of Southampton , UK (2008-2010). ^[26]

ACM is led by a Council consisting of the President, Vice President, Treasurer, Past President, SIG Governing Board Chair, Publications Board Chair, three representatives of the SIG Governing Board, and seven Members-At-Large. This institution is of or in referred to simply as “Council” in Communications of the ACM .

Infrastructure

ACM has five “Boards” that make up verschillende committees and subgroups, to help Headquarters staff Maintain quality services and products. These boards are as follows:

1. Publications Board
2. SIG Governing Board
3. Education Board
4. Membership Services Board
5. Practitioners Board

ACM Council on Women in Computing

ACM-W , ^[27] the ACM council on women in computing , supports, celebrates, and advocates Internationally for the full engagement of women in computing. ACM-W’s main programs are regional celebrations of women in computing, ACM-W chapters, and fellowships for women CS students to attend research conferences. In India and Europe synthesis activities are over seen by ACM-W India and ACM-W Europe respectively. ACM-W collaborates with organizations zoals the Anita Borg Institute, the National Center for Women and IT, CRA-W.

Athena Lectures

The ACM-W Gives an annual Athena Lecturer Award to honor outstanding women researchers who harbor made fundamentele contributions to computer science. This program Began in 2006. Speakers are nominated by SIG officers. ^[28]

• 2006-2007: Professor Deborah Estrin or UCLA
• 2007-2008: Professor Karen Spärck Jones or Cambridge University
• 2008-2009: Professor Shafi Goldwasser or MIT and the Weitzmann Institute of Science
• 2009-2010: Susan Eggers of the University of Washington
• 2010-2011: Mary Jane Irwin of the Pennsylvania State University
• 2011-2012: Judith S. Olson of the University of California, Irvine
• 2012-2013: Nancy Lynch of MIT
• 2013-2014: Katherine Yelick or LBNL ^[29]
• 2014-2015: Susan Dumais of Microsoft Research

References