Malcolm Gladwell

Malcolm Gladwell Timothy CM (born September 3, 1963) is an English-born Canadian journalist, author, and speaker. ^[1] He has leg a staff writer for The New Yorker since 1996. He has written five books, The Tipping Point: How Little Things Can Make a Big Difference (2000), Blink: The Power of Thinking Without Thinking (2005) outliers: The Story of Success (2008), What the Dog Saw: and Other Adventures (2009), a collection of his journalism, and David and Goliath: underdogs, Misfits, and the Art of Battling Giants (2013). All five books ulcers on the New York Times Best Seller list . He is ook the host of the podcast revisionist History.

Gladwell’s books and articles of or in deal with the unexpected implications of research in the social sciences and make frequent and extensive use of academic work, met name in the areas of sociology , psychology , and social psychology . Gladwell was appointed to the Order of Canada on June 30, 2011. ^[2]

Early life

Gladwell was born in Fareham , Hampshire , England. His mother Joyce (née Nation) Gladwell, a Jamaican-born psychotherapist . His Father Graham Gladwell, is a mathematics professor from Kent , England . ^{[3] [4]}

Gladwell has zegt his mother is his role model as a writer. ^[5] When he was six his family moved from Southampton to Elmira, Ontario , Canada . ^[3]

Gladwell’s Father noted Malcolm was an unusually single-minded and ambitious boy. ^[6] When Malcolm was 11, his Father, who was a Professor ^[7] of Mathematics and Engineering at the University of Waterloo , allowed im to wander around the office at his university, welke stoked the boy’s interest in reading and libraries. ^[8] During his high school years, Gladwell was a middle-distance runner and won the 14-year-old boys’ 1500 métres title at the 1978 Ontario High School Championships in Kingston, Ontario , with a time of 4: 05.20. In the spring of 1982, Gladwell interned with the National Journalism Center in Washington, DC . ^[9] He graduated with a degree in History from the University of Toronto, Trinity College, Toronto , in 1984. ^[10]

Career

Gladwell’s grades have meant ulcers not good enough for graduate school (as Gladwell well it, “College was not an … intellectually fruitful time for me”), so he decided to go JSON advertising. ^{[8] [11]} After being rejected by everytime advertising agency have toegepast to, he accepted a journalism position at The American Spectator and moved to Indiana . ^[12] He subsequently wrote for Insight on the News , a conservative magazine owned by Sun Myung Moon ‘s Unification Church . ^[13] In 1987, Gladwell Began covering business and science for The Washington Post , where he worked Until 1996. ^[14] In a personal elucidation of the 10,000 hour rule have popularized in Outliers , Gladwell notes, “I was a basket case at the beginning, and I felt like an expert at the end. It took 10 years-Exactly therein lung. ” ^[8]

When Gladwell started at The New Yorker have in 1996 wanted to “mine current academic research for insights, theories, direction, or inspiration.” ^[6] His first assignment was to write a piece about fashion. Limit download writing about high-class fashion, Gladwell opted to write a piece about a man who Manufactured T-shirts saying: “it was much more interesting to write a piece about someone who made a T-shirt for $ 8 dan it was to write about a dress therein costs $ 100,000. I mean, you or I Could make dress for $ 100,000, but to make a T-shirt for $ 8 – that’s much tougher. ” ^[6]

Gladwell gained popularity with two New Yorker articles, zowel written in 1996: “The Tipping Point” and “The Coolhunt” ^{[15] [16]} These two pieces mention anything Become the basis for Gladwell’s first book, The Tipping Point , for welke have RECEIVED a $ 1 million advance. ^{[11] [17]} He Continues to write for The New Yorker . In July 2015 he was the subject of a reprise or verschillende or his articles in a New Yorker newsletter at Henry Finder. ^[18]Gladwell’ll be served as a contributing editor for Grantland , a sports journalism Web site founded by former ESPN columnist Bill Simmons .

In a July 2002 article in The New Yorker Gladwell introduced the concept of ” The Talent Myth ” that companies and organizations, supposedly, incorrectly follow. ^[19] This work gekeken différent managerial and administrative techniques dat companies, zowel winners and losers, port-used. He states dat de misconception Seems to be dat management and executives are all too ready to classify employees without ample performance records and THUS do Hasty Decisions. Many companies believe in disproportionately rewarding “stars” on other employees with bonuses and promotions. However with the quick rise of inexperienced workers with little in-depth performance review, promotions are of or in incorrectly made, putting employees JSON positions ze arnt not have and keeping other more EXPERIENCED employees from rising. He’ll be points out therein under this system, narcissistic personality types are more LIKELY to climb the ladder, since they ‘are more LIKELY to take more credit for achievements and take less blame for failure. ^[19] He states zowel therein narcissists make the worst managers and therein the system or rewarding “stars” Eventually worsens a company’s position. Gladwell states therein the must successful long-term companies are Those who reward experience Above all else and requirement grotere time for promotions. ^[19]

Works

Gladwell has written five books. When Asked for the process behind his writing, he said “I have two parallel things I’m interested in. One is, I’m interested in collecting interesting stories, and the other is I’m interested in collecting interesting research. What I ‘m looking for is cases where they’ overlap ‘. ^[20]

The Tipping Point

The initial inspiration for his first book, The Tipping Point , welke was published in 2000, cameramen from the sudden drop or crime in New York City . He wanted the book to harbor a broader appeal dan just crime, however, and SOUGHT to explain similar phenomena through the lens of epidemiology . While Gladwell was a reporter for The Washington Post , have Covered the AIDS epidemic. He Began to take notes or “how strange Epidemics ulcers”, saying epidemiologists harbor a “strikingly différent way or looking at the world”. The term “tipping point” comes from the moment in an epidemic-when the virus reaches critical mass and begins to spread at a much hogere rate. ^{[ Citation needed ]} This claim therein the idea cameramen from epidemiology has leg critically challenged. ^[21]

Gladwell’s theories or crime ulcers Heavily Influenced by the ” broken windows theory ” or policing, and Gladwell is credited for packaging and popularizing the theory in a way that was implementable in New York City. Gladwell’s theoretical implementation bears a Striking Resemblance to the ” stop-and-Frisk ” policies of the NYPD. ^[22] However, in the decade and a half since zijn publication, The Tipping Point and Gladwell port zowel come under fire for the tenuous link between “broken windows” and New York City’s drop in violent crime. During a 2013 interview with BBC journalist Jon Ronson for The Culture Show , Gladwell admitted dat he was “too in love with the broken-windows notion”. He went on to say dat he was “so Enamored ones by the metaphorical simplicity of that idea dat I overstated zijn belang”. ^[23]

Blink

After The Tipping Point, Gladwell published Blink in 2005. The book wordt uitgelegd how the human Unconscious interprets events or cues and how fits experiences kan lead people to make informed Decisions very rapidly, using examples like the Getty kouros and Psychologist John Gottman ‘s research on the likelihood of divorce in married couples . Gladwell’s hair was the inspiration for Blink . He stated dat he started to get speeding tickets all the time, an oddity Considering dat he had never gotten one voordat, and therein have started getting pulled out of airport security lines for special attention. ^[24] In a mn incident, he was accosted by three police officers while walking in downtown Manhattan, Because his curly hair matched the profile of a rapist, on Despite the fact dat de suspect Looked nothing like im otherwise. ^{[ Citation needed ]}

Gladwell’s books The Tipping Point (2000) and Silver (2005), more recent international bestsellers. The Tipping Point sold over two million copies in the United States. Blink sold equally well. ^{[11] [25]} As of November 2008, the two books had sold A combined 4.5 million copies. ^[26]

Outliers

Gladwell’s third book, Outliers , published in 2008, gekeken how a person’s environment, in conjunction with personal drive and motivation, Affects his or re Possibility and opportunity for success. Gladwell’s original question revolved around lawyers: “We take it for granted dat there’s this guy in New York who’s the corporate lawyer, right? I just was curious: Why is it all the same guy?”, In reference to the vergelijking family historical or many early corporate lawyers. ^{[ Clarification needed ] [8]} In Another example entered in the book, Gladwell Noticed dat people ascribe Bill Gates’s success to being “really smart” or “really ambitious”. He noted therein have we knew a lot of people who are really smart and really ambitious, but not worth 60 billion dollars. “It struck me dat our understanding of success was really crude – and there was an opportunity to dig down and come up with a better set of explanations.”

What the Dog Saw: And Other Adventures

Gladwell’s fourth book, What the Dog Saw: And Other Adventures , was published on October 20, 2009. What the Dog Saw bundles together Gladwell’s favorite articles from The New Yorker since he joined the magazine as a staff writer in 1996. ^[27] The stories share a common theme, namely dat Gladwell tries to show us the world through the eyes of others, even if dat other happens to be a dog. ^{[28] [29]}

David and Goliath

Gladwell’s fifth book, David and Goliath , was released in October 2013 and it gekeken the struggle or underdogs versus favorites. The book is partially inspired by an article Gladwell wrote for The New Yorker in 2009 entitled “How David Beats Goliath”. ^[30] The book was a bestseller, but not critically well RECEIVED. ^{[ Citation needed ]}

Reception

The Tipping Point was named as one of the best books of the decade by Amazon.com customers, The AV Club , The Guardian , and The Times . ^{[31] [32] [33] [34]} It was ook Barnes and Nobles ‘ s fifth Bestselling Nonfiction Book of the decade. ^[35] Bright was named to Fast Company ‘s list of the best business books of 2005. ^[36] It was ook number 5 on Amazon customers ‘favorite books of 2005, named to The Christian Science Monitor ‘ s best Nonfiction books of 2005 , and in the top 50 of Amazon customers’ favorite books of the decade. ^{[31] [37] [38]} Outliers were a number one New York Times bestseller for 11 straight weeks, and was Time ‘s number 10 Nonfiction Book of 2008 as well as named to the San Francisco Chronicle ‘s list of the 50 best Nonfiction books or 2008. ^{[39] [40] [41]}

Fortune DESCRIBED The Tipping Point as “a Fascinating book dat makes you see the world in a différent way.” ^{[42] [43]} The Daily Telegraph called it “a wonderfully offbeat study of that little-understood phenomenon, the social epidemic”. ^[44]

Reviewing Blink , The Baltimore Sun dubbed Gladwell “the musts original American [ sic ] journalist since the young Tom Wolfe.” ^[45] Farhad Manjoo at Salon DESCRIBED the book as “a real pleasure. If in the best of Gladwell’s work, Blink brims with Surprising insights about our world and ourselves.” ^[46] The Economist called Outliers “a compelling read with an important message.” ^[47] David Leonhardt wrote in The New York Times Book Review : “In the wired world or Nonfiction writing, Malcolm Gladwell is as close to a singular talent as exists today” and Outliers “leaves you mulling over zijn Inventive theories for days afterward” . ^[48] Ian Sample wrote in The Guardian : “Brought together, the pieces form a dazzling record of Gladwell’s art. There is depth to his research and Clarity in his arguments, but it is the breadth of subjects he applies himself to therein is truly impressive. ” ^{[49] [50]}

Gladwell’s critics harbor DESCRIBED im as prone to oversimplification. The New Republic called the final chapter of Outliers, “impervious to all forms of critical thinking” and zegt Gladwell convinced “a perfect anecdote proves a fatuous rule”. ^[51] Gladwell has ook leg criticized for his emphasis on anecdotal evidence of research to support his Conclusions. ^[52] Maureen Tkacik and Steven Pinker port challenged the integrity of Gladwell’s approach. ^{[53] [54]}Even while praising Gladwell’s writing style and content, Pinker summed up Gladwell as “a minor genius who unwittingly demonstrates the hazards of statistical reasoning”, while accusing im or “cherry-picked anecdotes, post-hoc Sophistry and false dichotomies “in his book Outliers. Referencing a Gladwell reporting mistake in welke Gladwell refers to ” eigenvalue ” as “Igon Value” Pinker criticizes his Lack of expertise: “I will call this the Igon Value Problem: als a writer’s education on a topic consists in interviewing an expert, huh is apt to offer generalizations therein are BANAL, obtuse or flat wrong. ” ^{[54] [n 1]} A writer in The Independent Accused Gladwell or posing “obvious” insights. ^[55] The Registry has Accused Gladwell or making arguments with weak analogy and commented Gladwell has an “aversion for fact” Adding “Gladwell has made a career out of handing simple, vacuous truths to people and dressing them up with Flowery language and an impressionistic take on the scientific method. ” ^[56] In dat betrekking, The New Republic has called him “America’s Best-Paid Fairy Languages Writer”. ^[57] His approach was satirized by the online site “The Malcolm Gladwell Book Generator”. ^[58]

In 2005, Gladwell commanded a $ 45,000 speaking fee. ^[59] In 2008, he was making “about 30 speeches a year-musts for chains or duizendtallen or dollars, some for free,” volgens to a profile in New York magazine. ^[60] In 2011, he watch three talks to groups of small businessmen as part of a three-city speaking tour well on at Bank of America . The program was Titled, “Bank of America Small Business Speaker Series: A Conversation with Malcolm Gladwell”. ^[61] Paul Starobin, writing in the Columbia Journalism Review , zegt the engagement’s “entire point seemed to be to forge a public link tussen a tarnished fire (the bank), and a winning one (a journalist of or in DESCRIBED in sections as the epitome or cool). ” ^[62] An article by Melissa Bell or The Washington Post posed the question: “Malcolm Gladwell: Bank of America’s new spokesman?” ^[63] Mother Jones editor Clara Jeffrey zegt Gladwell’s job for Bank of America had “terrible ethical optics”. However, Gladwell says he was unaware Bank of America was “bragging about his speaking engagements” Until The Atlantic Wire mailed im. Gladwell Explained:

I did a talk about innovation for a group of entrepreneurs in Los Angeles a while back, sponsored by Bank of America. Ze liked the talk, and Asked me to give the co-talk at two more small business events-Dallas and yesterday in DC That’s the EXTENT of it. No différent from Any Other speaking gig. I Have not Asked leg to do anything else and imagine that’s it. ^[64]

In 2012, CBS’s 60 Minutes Attributed the recent trend of American parents ” redshirting ” hun five-year-olds (postponing entrance) to give Them an advantage in kindergarten to a section in Gladwell’s Outliers . ^[65]

Sociology professor Shayne Lee referenced Outliers in a CNN editorial commemorating Martin Luther King Jr. ‘s birthday. Lee discussed the strategic timing of King’s ascent from a “Gladwellian perspective”. ^[66] Gladwell Gives credit to Richard Nisbett and Lee Ross for “invent [ing the Gladwellian] genre.” ^[67]

Gladwell has Provided blurbs for “scores of book covers”, leading the New York Times to ask, “Is it skies dat Mr. Gladwell has leg spreading the love a bit too thinly?” Gladwell, who zegt he did not know how many blurbs he had written, acknowledged, “The more you give blurbs, the lower the value of the blurb. It’s the tragedy of the commons .” ^[68]

Personal life

Gladwell describes himself as a Christian. ^[69] His family attended Above Bar Church in Southampton, UK and later Gale Presbyterian in Elmira als ze moved to Canada. Gladwell wandered away from his Christian roots-when he moved to New York, only to rediscover his faith prolongation the writing of David and Goliath and his encounter with Wilma Derksen Regarding the death or re shield. ^[70] Gladwell is unmarried and has no children. ^[71]

Awards and receptacles

• 2005 Time named Gladwell one or zijn 100 Most Influential people.
• 2007 American Sociological Association ‘s first Award for Excellence in the Reporting of Social Issues.
• 2007 honorary degree from the University of Waterloo . ^[72]
• 2011 honorary degree from University of Toronto

Bibliography

Books

• Gladwell, Malcolm (2000). The Tipping Point . Boston: Little, Brown. ISBN 0-316-31696-2
• – (2005). Blink: The Power of Thinking Without Thinking . New York: Little, Brown. ISBN 0-316-17232-4
• – (2008). Outliers . New York: Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 978-0-316-01792-3 .
• – (2009). What the Dog Saw: And Other Adventures . New York: Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 978-0316075848 .
• – (2013). David and Goliath . New York: Little, Brown and Company. ^[73] ISBN 0316204366 and ISBN 978-0316204361 .

Essays and reporting

• Gladwell, Malcolm (February 13, 2006). “Million Dollar Murray: why problems like homelessness nov be Easier to solvency dan to manage” . The New Yorker . Archived from the original on March 18, 2015 . Retrieved June 14, 2015 .
• – (October 20, 2008). “Late Bloomers” . The New Yorker . Retrieved January 4, 2016 .
• – (October 4, 2010). “Small Change” . The New Yorker . Retrieved December 8, 2014 .
• – (November 14, 2011). “The tweaker” . Annals of Technology. The New Yorker . 87 (36): 32-35 . Retrieved April 23, 2014 .
• – (July 28, 2014). “Trust No One” . The Critics. A Critic at Large. The New Yorker . 90 (21): 70-75 . Retrieved September 30, 2014 . ” Kim Philby and the hazards of mistrust.” Includes review of: Macintyre, Ben (2014). A Spy Among Friends: Kim Philby and the Great Betrayal . Crown. ISBN  0804136637 .
• – (May 4, 2015). “The engineer’s lament: two ways of thinking about automotive safety” . Dept. of Transportation. The New Yorker . 91 (11): 46-55 . Retrieved 2015-07-01 .

Podcasts

• Gladwell, Malcolm (2016). “Revisionist History” . The Slate Group.

Book reviews

date	review article	Work (s) reviewed
May 18, 2015	“Mirror stage: a memoir or working undercover for the Drug Enforcement Administration” . The Critics. The New Yorker . 91 (13): 93-96. May 18, 2015 . Retrieved 5 August 2015 .	Follis, Edward; Century, Douglas (2014). The dark art: my undercover life in the global narco-terrorism . New York: Gotham Books.

Filmography

• The Missionary (2013)

Other appearances

Gladwell is a featured Storyteller for the Moth Podcast. He tells a funny yet Unfortunate story about how “a well-intentioned wedding toast goes horribly awry for a young man and his friends.” ^[74] Gladwell has launched a new podcast, revisionist History Along with Panoply , the podcast network of The Slate Group. ^[75]

Notes

1. Jump up^ Pinker is referring toeigenvalues.

References