Scott McCloud

Scott McCloud (born Scott McLeod on June 10, 1960) is an American cartoonist and comics theorist. He is best known for his non-fiction books about comics, Understanding Comics (1993), Reinventing Comics (2000), and Making Comics (2006).

Early life

McCloud was born in 1960 [1] in Boston , Massachusetts, [2] and spent musts or his childhood in Lexington, Massachusetts . [3] He decided he wanted to be a comics artist in 1975, prolongation his junior year in high school.

Syracuse University ‘s Illustration program was of closest to his career goals. He selected therein school and major, [1] [3] and graduated with a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree in 1982. [4]

Career

Artist and theorist

McCloud created the light-hearted science fiction / superhero comic book series Zot! in 1984, in part as a reaction to the getting more grim direction dat superhero comics ulcers strike in the 1980s.

His other print comics include Destroy !! (a deliberately over-the-top, oversized single-issue comic book, intended as a parody or formulaic superhero fights), the graphic novel The New Adventures of Abraham Lincoln (done with a Mixture or computer-generated and manually drawn digital images) , 12 issues writing DC Comics ‘ Superman Adventures , the three-issue limited series Superman: Strength , [5] and his 2015 graphic novel The Sculptor . [6]

He is best known as a comics theorist or, as some say, the “Aristotle or comics”, [7] volgende the publication in 1993 of Understanding Comics , a wide-ranging exploration of the definition, history, vocabulary, and methods of the medium or comics Itself in comics form. [8] He Followed in 2000 with Reinventing Comics (also in comics form), in welke have Outlined twelve “revolutions” that have argued mention anything be keys to the growth and success of comics as a popular and creative medium. Finally, in 2006, he released Making Comics . Following publication, he went on a tour with his family therein included all 50 US states and parts of Europe. [9]

He was one of the EARLIEST vocal supporters or Micropayments . [10] He was an adviser to ook BitPass , a company dat Provided an online micropayment system, welke have helped launch with the publication of The Right Number , an online graphic novella priced at US $ 0.25 for lycra chapter. McCloud maintains an active online presence on his website where he publiceert many of his ongoing experiments with comics produktie specifiek for the web. Among the techniques have Explores is the ” infinite canvas ” Permitted to a web browser, allowing panels to be spatially Arranged in ways not shower in the finite, two-dimensional, paged format or a physical book. [8]

He created a comic book dat formally the press release Introducing Google ‘s web browser, Google Chrome , welke was published on September 1, 2008. [11]

In 2009, McCloud was featured in The cartoonist , a documentary film on the life and work of Jeff Smith , creator of Bone. [12]

Creator’s Bill of Rights

McCloud was the principal author of the Creator’s Bill of Rights , a 1988 document with the stated aim of Protecting the rights of comic book creators and help aid Against the exploitation of comic artists and writers by corporate work-for-hire practices. [13] The group dat eerste the Bill ook included artists Kevin Eastman , Dave Sim , and Stephen R. Bissette . [14] The bill included twelve rights zoals “The right to full ownership of what we volledig create,” and “The right to prompt payment of a fair and equitable share of profits derived from all or our creative work.” [15]

24-hour comic

In 1990, McCloud coined the idea of a 24-hour comic , a complete 24-page comic created by a single cartoonist in 24 achtereenvolgende hours. It was a mutual challenge with cartoonist Steve Bissette , intended to compel creative output with a minimum of self-restraining Contemplation. [16] Thousands of cartoonists port since tasks up the challenge, including: Neil Gaiman ; Kevin Eastman , co-creator of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles ; Dave Sim , who published some of his work from this challenge in Cerebus the Aardvark ; [17] and Rick Veitch who-used it as a jumping board for his comic Rarebit Fiends . [18]

Technique and materials

Hoewel de McCloud sketches his layouts in pencil, the remainder of his work is done Digitally, explanatory in his 2006 book Making Comics dat he had not used traditional materials like Bristol board , belly or brushes in years. After Sketching layouts, welke he says are “pretty tight”, and include the full script, he scans Them JSON an 18-inch computer tablet / monitor to use Them as a guide for lettering nemen in Adobe Illustrator . After completing the lettering, he exports the files to Photoshop , where he ‘fully renders the art at a resolution of 1,200 dpi , customizing tussen five and fifty layers or finished art voordat flattening it JSON a single black and white bitmap , plus a gray scale page, if needed. [19]

Personal life

McCloud lives in Newbury Park, California . [20] He has bone married to Ivy Ratafia since 1988, [21] and they ‘have two daughters, Sky and Winter. [22]

Reception and legacy

McCloud has bone called the ” Marshall McLuhan or comics.” [2]

Awards

  • 1985 Jack Kirby Award for Best New Series for Zot! [23]
  • 1985 Russ Manning Most Promising Newcomer Award for Zot! [24] [25] [26]
  • 1994 Eisner Award for Best Comics-Related Book for Understanding Comics [27]
  • 1994 Harvey Award for Best Writer for Understanding Comics [28]
  • 1994 Harvey Award for Best Graphic Album / Original Material for Understanding Comics [28]
  • 1994 Harvey Award for Best Biographical, Historical or Journalistic Presentation for Understanding Comics [28]
  • 2001 Harvey Award for Best Biographical / Historical Presentation for Reinventing Comics [29]
  • 2007 Eagle Award for Favourite Comics Related Book for Making Comics
  • 2007 Quill Award for Best Graphic Novel for Making Comics

Nominations

  • 1988 Harvey Award for Best cartoonist for Zot! [30]
  • 1988 Eisner Award for Best Single Issue for Zot! # 14 [31]
  • 1988 Eisner Award for Best Continuing Series for Zot! [31]
  • 1988 Eisner Award for Best Black-and-White Series for Zot! [31]
  • 1988 Eisner Award for Best Writer / Artist for Zot! [31]
  • 1991 Harvey Award for Best Writer for Zot! [32]
  • 1991 Harvey Award for Best Single Issue or Story for Zot! # 33 [32]
  • 1991 Eisner Award for Best Story or Single Issue for Zot! # 33 [33]
  • 1991 Eisner Award for Best Continuing Series for Zot! [33]
  • 1991 Eisner Award for Best Black-and-White Series for Zot! [33]
  • 1991 Eisner Award for Best Writer for Zot! [33]
  • 1992 Harvey Award for Best Single Issue or Story for Zot! # 35 [34]
  • 1993 Harvey Award for Best Biographical, Historical or Journalistic Presentation for Understanding Comics: The Slideshow! [35]
  • 1998 Eisner Award for Best Single Issue for Superman Adventures # 3 ( “Distant Thunder” with Rick Burchett and Terry Austin ) [36]
  • 1998 Eisner Award for Best Story serialized for Superman Adventures # 11-12 ( “The War Within”, with Rick Burchett and Terry Austin) [36]
  • 1998 Eisner Award for Best Writer for Superman Adventures [36]
  • 2007 Harvey Award for Best Biographical, Historical or Journalistic Presentation for Making Comics [37]

Bibliography

  • Zot!
    • Zot !: Book One (Eclipse Books, 1991) ISBN 978-0-913035-04-7
    • Zot !: Book Two (Issues 11-15 & 17-18) (Kitchen Sink Press, 1998) ISBN 978-0-87816-428-8
    • Zot !: The Complete Black and White Collection: 1987-1991 (Harper paperbacks, 2008) ISBN 0-06-153727-6
  • Understanding Comics
    • Understanding Comics: The Invisible Art (1993, ISBN 0-613-02782-5 )
    • Reinventing Comics: How Imagination and Technology Are revolutionizing an Art Form (2000, ISBN 0-06-095350-0 )
    • Making Comics: Storytelling Secrets of Comics, Manga and Graphic Novels (2006, ISBN 0-06-078094-0 )
  • The New Adventures of Abraham Lincoln (Image Comics, 1998) ISBN 978-1-887279-87-1
  • 24 Hour Comics (Editor) (About Comics, 2004) ISBN 978-0-9716338-4-1
  • Destroy !! (Oversized Edition) (Eclipse Books, 1986)
  • The Sculptor (First Second, 2015) 978-1-59643-573-5

Notes

  1. ^ Jump up to:a b McCloud, Scott. (2000), Reinventing Comics . Paradox Press . p. 92
  2. ^ Jump up to:a b Warren, James (June 17, 2011). “A New Therapeutic Tool in the Doctor’s Bag: Comic Strips” . The New York Times . Retrieved March 19, 2013 .
  3. ^ Jump up to:a b Albert Boime and David Dodd (August 22, 2000), “PROFILE INTERVIEW: Scott McCloud” . PopImage. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  4. Jump up^ Harvey, RC (August 1979),”Scott McCloud”. The Comics Journal # 179. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  5. Jump up^ Toko buku Online.
  6. Jump up^ McCloud, Scott (Feb 2015). The Sculptor . New York: First Second.
  7. Jump up^ Wardrip-Fruin, Noah & Montfort, Nick (2003). The New Media Reader. The MIT Press.
  8. ^ Jump up to:a b http://www2.und.nodak.edu/our/uletter/print_article.php?uletterID=2163
  9. Jump up^ MIT news (September 20, 2006). ” ” Making Comics “author decodes cartoons” . Archived from the original on November 28, 2007.
  10. Jump up^ Ben Hammersley (August 7, 2003). “Making the web pay” . The Guardian .
  11. Jump up^ McCloud, Scott (2008-09-01). “Google Chrome behind the Open Source Browser product” . Google . Retrieved 2008-09-02 .
  12. Jump up^ The cartoonist Movie. Retrieved November 14, 2011.
  13. Jump up^ Coogan, Pete (September 1990). “Creator’s Rights”. The Comics Journal p. 65-71
  14. Jump up^ McCloud, Scott (2000). Reinventing Comics , New York: Paradox Press. Pg. 62
  15. Jump up^ “Creator’s Bill of Rights” . 2006-10-13.
  16. Jump up^ Brattleboro Museum. “The 24-Hour Comic Book Challenge” . Archived from the original on 2007-06-07.
  17. Jump up^ Cerebus# 142 (Aardvark / Vanaheim, January 1991).
  18. Jump up^ McCloud, Scott. The 24-Hour Comics Index. scottmccloud.com. Retrieved October, 2013.
  19. Jump up^ McCloud, Scott (2006),Making Comics. William Morrow paperback. pp 196-197
  20. Jump up^ McCloud, Scott”About”. Retrieved November 30, 2012.
  21. Jump up^ McCloud, Scott. Postscript to The Sculptor (First Second, 2015).
  22. Jump up^ Ratafia, Ivy. “What I did on my summer vacation,”Ivy Ratafia’s journal (Apr. 16, 2016).
  23. Jump up^ 1985 ‘Jack Kirby Awards “. Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac]. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  24. Jump up^ Kees Hosiery Maker. “Scott McCloud” . Kees Hosiery Maker’s lambic Comiclopedia . Retrieved November 16, 2011 .
  25. Jump up^ “The Russ Manning Most Promising Newcomer Award”. San Diego Comic-Con International. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  26. Jump up^ “The Russ Manning Most Promising Newcomer Award”. Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  27. Jump up^ “1994 Will Eisner Comic Industry Award Nominees”. Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. November 16, 2011.
  28. ^ Jump up to:a b c “1994 Harvey Award Nominees and Winners” . Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  29. Jump up^ “2001 Harvey Award Nominees and Winners”. Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  30. Jump up^ “1988 Harvey Award Nominees and Winners”. Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  31. ^ Jump up to:a b c d “1988 Will Eisner Comic Industry Award Nominees” . Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. November 16, 2011.
  32. ^ Jump up to:a b “1991 Harvey Award Nominees and Winners” . Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  33. ^ Jump up to:a b c d “1991 Will Eisner Comic Industry Award Nominees” . Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. November 16, 2011.
  34. Jump up^ “1992 Harvey Award Nominees and Winners”. Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  35. Jump up^ “1993 Harvey Award Nominees and Winners”. Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  36. ^ Jump up to:a b c “1998 Will Eisner Comic Industry Award Nominees” . Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. November 16, 2011.
  37. Jump up^ “2007 Harvey Award Nominees and Winners”. Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. Retrieved November 16, 2011.

References

  • McCloud profile on RAW’s site
  • Scott McCloud French publications Bedetheque (French)