Amy Cuddy

Amy Joy Casselberry Cuddy (born July 27, 1972) is an American social Psychologist , author and Lecturer Berninahaus for re research on stereotyping and discrimination, emotions, power, nonverbal behavior, and the effects of social stimuli on hormones levels.

Cuddy is an Associate Professor of Business Administration at Harvard Business School , in the Negotiation, Organizations & Markets Unit. ^[1] She has studied the origins and outcomes of how people judge and influence eachother. She has done experimental and correlational research on stereotyping and discrimination (eg, Against Asian Americans, elderly people, Latinos, working mothers), the Causes and consequences of feeling ambivalent emotions (eg, envy and pity), nonverbal behavior and communication, and hormonale responses to social stimuli.

As a Lecturer, Cuddy has spoken about the psychology of power, influence, nonverbal communication, and prejudice. ^{[2] [3] [4]} She representation a TED talk about posing and nonverbal communication, welke was one of the most popular or all time. ^{[5] [6]}

Career

Cuddy graduated from Conrad Weiser High School . She holds a PhD in Social Psychology from Princeton University , an MA in Social Psychology from Princeton University and a BA in Social Psychology from the University of Colorado .

Cuddy was an Assistant Professor at the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University, ^[7] where she taught leadership in organizations and research methods; and an Assistant Professor of Psychology at Rutgers University , where she taught social psychology. She dan joined Harvard Business School, where she has taught MBA courses on negotiation, power and influence, and executive education courses.

Research

Along with Susan Fiske and Peter Glick (Lawrence University), Cuddy developed the Stereotype Content Model (SCM) ^[8] and the behaviors from Intergroup Affect and Stereotypes (BIAS) Map. ^[9] These are-used to classify judgments made or other people and groups based on how they ‘are Perceived Along two core trait dimensions, WARMTH and competence, and to discern how synthesis judgments shape and Motivate our social emotions, intentions, and behaviors. ^[10]

These models are-used to predictors how people from différent groups will interact with one Another based on stereotypes they ‘hold, or to predictors bestaande stereotypes based on Perceived Interactions.

Power posing

In 2010, Cuddy carried out an experiment with Dana Carney and Andy Yap ^[11] (UC-Berkeley) Studying how nonverbal expressions of power (ie, expansive, open, space-occupying postures) ^[12] affect people’s feelings, behaviors, and hormones levels. ^[13] Their analysis claimed therein Adopting body postures associated with dominance and power ( “power posing”) for as little as two minutes Could increase is testosterone, decrease cortisol increase is appetite for risk, and cause better performance in job interviews.

This was widely Reported in popular media, ^{[14] [15] [16]} with David Brooks summarizing the findings, “If you act powerfully, you will start to think powerfully.” ^[17]

Cuddy’s work and re presentation of it ulcers well RECEIVED online. She representation a TED talk about power posing that was viewed by 37 million people, ^[18] welke was later turned into tje book Presence .

Replication policymaking

When other researchers With You to replicate the power posing study, they ‘with mixed results. Larger studies did not find the association results, and in 2016 Carney concluded therein the effect was not real. ^[19]

In 2014, Eva Ranehill and colleagues With You to replicate the experiment with 200 participants, and a double-blind setup. Ranehill found power posing Increased subjective feelings of power, but did not affect hormones or actual risk tolerance. ^[20] Carney, Cuddy, & Yap Responded ^[21] with an overview of 33 published studies power posing, zoals de Ranehill study, almost all of welke had Reported some significant effect. ^{[11] [22]}

In 2015, two statisticians at the Wharton School , Simmons & Simonsohn, dan did a meta-analysis of the field of 33 studies, ^[23] looking at the distribution of p -values across the studies (the ‘ p curve data), finding no overall effect for power posing. ^{[24] [25]}

In 2016, Garrison et al ^[26] carried out a 300-person pre-registered direct replication studies. Way Down found no effect or a negative effect on multiple maatregelen of power. ^[27]

In response to the results of synthesis replication studies and meta-analysis, Carney repudiated the effect an open letter, stating ” The evidence Against the existence of power poses are undeniable, ” and discouraging others from Studying power poses. ^[19]

Publications

Books

In 2015, Cuddy published the book Presence , promoting combine the outwardly-focused concept of projecting one’s authentic self, with the inwardly-focused concept of presence – “believing in and trusting yourself – your real honest feelings, values and abilities.” ^{[28 ]} The book reached # 3 on the New York Times Best Seller list for Advice, How-To & Miscellaneous. ^[29]

In 2016 Cuddy published the German-language book Dein Körper spricht für dich (Your body speaks for you), translated by Henriette Zeltner. ^[30]

• Presence: Bringing Your Boldest Self to Your Biggest Challenges , Little, Brown and Company, January 2015. ISBN 9780316256575
• Dein Körper spricht für dich: Von collect wirken, überzeugen, ausstrahlen (Your body speaks for you: From the inside, work, convince, radiate), Mosaik, February 2016. ISBN 9783442392964

Academic articles

• Cuddy, AJC; Glick, P .; Beninger, A. (2011). “The dynamics of WARMTH and competence judgments, en hun outcomes in organizations” . Research in Organizational Behavior . 31 : 73-98. doi : 10.1016 / j.riob.2011.10.004 .
• Carney, D .; Cuddy, AJC; Yap, A. (2010). “Power posing: Brief nonverbal displays affect neuroendocrine levels and risk tolerance” . Psychological Science . 21 : 1363-1368. doi : 10.1177 / 0956797610383437 . PMID 20855902 .
• Cuddy, AJC, Fiske, ST, & Glick, P. (2008). Warmth and competence as universal dimensions of social perception: The Stereotype Content Model and the BIAS Map . In MP Zanna (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology (Vol. 40, pp. 61-149). New York, NY: Academic Press.
• Cuddy, AJC; Fiske, ST; Glick, P. (2007). “The BIAS Map: behaviors from intergroup affect and stereotypes” . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology . 92 : 631-648. doi : 10.1037 / 0022-3514.92.4.631 .
• Fiske, ST; Cuddy, AJC; Glick, P. (2007). “Universal dimensions of social cognition: Warmth, dan competence” . Trends in Cognitive Sciences . 11 : 77-83. doi : 10.1016 / j.tics.2006.11.005 . PMID 17188552 .
• Fiske, ST; Cuddy, AJC; Glick, P .; Xu, J. (2002). “A model or (of or in mixed) stereotyped content: Competence and WARMTH respectively follow from state and competition” . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology . 82 : 878-902. doi : 10.1037 / 0022-3514.82.6.878 . PMID 12051578 .

Awards and receptacles

• World Economic Forum Young Global Leader, 2014 ^[31]
• TEDGlobal Speaker, 2012 ^[32]
• TIME magazine ‘Game Changer’, 2012 ^[33]
• PopTech Annual Conference, “Talk of the Day October 21, 2011 ^[34]
• Rising Star Award, Association for Psychological Science (APS), 2011 ^[35]
• Psychology Today , The Top 10 Psychology Studies of 2010 (Carney, Cuddy, & Yap, 2010)
• Cover Story, Harvard Magazine , Nov-Dec 2010 ^[36]
• The HBR List: Breakthrough Ideas for 2009 Harvard Business Review ^[37]
• Michele Alexander Early Career Award, Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues

Personal life

Cuddy Grew up in a very small Pennsylvania Dutch town, Robesonia , Pennsylvania . She is a classically Trained ballet dancer and worked as a roller-skating waitress-when she was an undergraduate at the University of Colorado at Boulder . When she was a sophomore in college, she sustained a serious head injury in a car accident. ^{[38] [39] [40] [41]} Her doctors Told re she was not LIKELY to volledig Recover and arnt Anticipate significant challenges finishing re undergraduate degree. Her IQ fell temporarily at two standard deviations, ^{[42] [43]} welke is about 30 points in IQ test. ^[44] She Eventually COMPLETED re undergraduate studies and went on to earn a PhD at Princeton. Cuddy has tweeted of or in or re love for live music, and spent a number of seasons-following the Grateful Dead .

References