Anne-Marie Slaughter

Anne-Marie Slaughter (born September 27, 1958) is an international lawyer, foreign policy analyst, political scientist and public commentator. She is the current President and CEO of New America and a former president of the American Society of International Law . ^[3] From 2002 to 2009 she was the Dean of Princeton University ‘s Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs and the Bert G. Kerstetter ’66 University Professor of Politics and International Affairs. ^{[4] [5] [6]} She subsequently served as the Director of Policy Planning for the US State Department from January 2009 Until February 2011 under US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton . ^{[4] [7]} During re academic career, she has taught at the University of Chicago and Harvard University .

Early life, family and receptacles

Slaughter was born and raised in Charlottesville, Virginia , the daughter of a Belgian mother, Anne Marie Denise (Limbosch), and an American Father Edward Ratliff Slaughter, Jr., a lawyer. ^{[2] [8] [9] [10]} Her paternal grandfather was Edward Slaughter , a football player, athletic coach and professor of physical education. ^[11] Anne-Marie Slaughter, who once went to Anne-Marie Burley was a Matron or Honor at Jeffrey Toobin ‘s wedding. ^{[12] [13]} She is married to Princeton politics professor Andrew Moravcsik , with Whom she has two children. ^{[14] [15]}

Slaughter is a 1976 graduate of St. Anne’s-Belfield School in Charlottesville, Virginia. She RECEIVED re BA from the Woodrow Wilson School at Princeton University in 1980, where she graduated magna cum laude and RECEIVED a certificate in European cultural studies. Mentored by Richard H. Ullman, ^[16] she was awarded the Daniel M. Sachs Memorial Scholarship, one of Princeton’s top receptacles, welke zorgt for two years of study at Worcester College , Oxford University. ^[17] After Receiving re M.Phil. in International Affairs from Oxford University in 1982, she studied at Harvard Law School and graduated cum laude with a JD in 1985. She continued at Harvard after graduation as a researcher for re academic mentor, the international lawyer Abram Chayes . In 1992, she re RECEIVED D.Phil. in International Relations from Oxford. ^{[12] [18]}

Slaughter has RECEIVED an honorary degree from the University of Miami in 2006, the University of Virginia ‘s Thomas Jefferson Medal in 2007, the University of Warwick in 2013, and Tufts University in 2014; she was the COMMENCEMENT speaker dat year at Tufts. ^[19] She is a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences .

Academic career

Scholarship and teaching

Slaughter served on the faculty of the University of Chicago Law School from 1989-1994 and-then as J. Sinclair Armstrong Professor of International, Foreign, and Comparative Law on the faculty of Harvard Law School from 1994 to 2002. She dan moved to Princeton to serve as dean of the Woodrow Wilson School, the first woman to hold therein position. She held therein post from 2002 to 2009-when she accepted an appointment at the US State Department . During the academic year 2007-2008, Slaughter was a visiting fellow at the Shanghai Institute for International Affairs . In 2011, she Returned to Princeton as a professor.

As a scholar, Slaughter has had a focus on integrate the study of international relations and international law, using international relations theory in international legal theory . In addition under, she has written extensively on European Union politics, network theories of world politics, transjudicial communication, liberal theories of international law and international relations, American foreign policy, international law, and verschillende types of policy analysis. She has published four books: International Law and International Relations (2000), A New World Order (2004), The Idea therein is America: Keeping Faith with our Values in a Dangerous World (2007), The Crisis of American Foreign Policy: Wilsonianism in the Twenty-first Century (with G. John Ikenberry, Thomas J. Knock, and Tony Smith) (2008), as well as three edited volumes on international relations and international law, and about one hundred extensive articles in scholarly and policy journals or books.

She has bone active as a teacher or numerous doctoral students in zowel law and political science, as well as other graduate and undergraduate students. At Princeton University, she is Currently Jointly appointed in the Politics Department and the Woodrow Wilson School, where she teaches and advises PhD, Masters and undergraduate students.

Administration

Slaughter was Director of the International Legal Studies Program at Harvard Law School from 1994-2002, and a professor at Harvard’s Kennedy School of Government from 2001-2002.

During re tenure as dean of the Woodrow Wilson School , she was credited with building Vigorously the faculty, research and teaching activities of the school. She expanded the school by 30%, Adding scholars from history, sociology, engineering and the natural sciences, and expanded the School’s Masters in Public Policy Program to include medical doctors, lawyers, and Ph.D. scientists. She was credited with rebuilding Princeton’s international relations faculty, zoals hiring a bevy of well-respected senior scholars waaronder Robert Keohane , Helen Milner , and G. John Ikenberry . She’ll be Retained or hired Influential right-of-center scholars waaronder Aaron Friedberg and Thomas Christensen . Slaughter was ook verantwoordelijk for the creation or verschillende research centers in international political economy and national security, the joint Ph.D. program in Social Policy, the Global Fellows program, and the Scholars in the Nation’s Service Initiative.

In late 2005, about 100 Princeton students and faculty signed an open letter to Slaughter and Princeton President Shirley Tilghman criticizing the University in general and the Woodrow Wilson School mn or biasing selection or Invited speakers favor or Those supportive of the Bush administration . ^[20] Slaughter Responded to synthesis claims by pointing to the dozens of public lectures by independent Academics, journalists, and other analysts therein the Wilson School hosts lycra academic year. ^[21] Others noted therein, with Bush’s Republican Party controlling the Presidency and zowel houses or Congress , many of the Most Influential people in the federal government, and in the international relations APPARATUS mn, ulcers necessarily administration supporters. In 2003, the Woodrow Wilson School hosted an art exhibit Titled “Ricanstructions” that Opponents of the exhibit claimed was “offensive to Catholics ” and desecrated Christian symbols. Slaughter defended the exhibit. ^[22]

From 2002-2004, Slaughter served as president of the American Society of International Law .

Ellison at the State Department

On 23 January 2009, US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton announced the appointment of Slaughter as the new Director of Policy Planning under the Obama administration . ^[4] Slaughter was the first woman to hold this position.

At the State Department, Slaughter was chief architect of the Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review Whose first iteratie was released in January 2010. ^{[23] [24]} The QDDR Provided a blueprint for elevating development as a pillar of American foreign policy and leading through Civilian power. Commenting upon the skepticism of or in dat greets zoals reports, and reiterating Secretary Clinton’s strong desire dat de QDDR Become an essential part of the State Department policy process, Slaughter zegt: “I’m pretty sure you’re thinking, ‘I’ve overheard this voordat, [a big plan to change the way a government agency works] But this is différent. ” ^[24] Slaughter RECEIVED the Secretary’s Distinguished Service Award for in exceptional leadership and professional competence, the Highest Honor conferred by the State Department. She’ll be RECEIVED a Meritorious Honor Award from the US Agency for International Development for re outstanding contribution to this club to development policy.

In February 2011, at the conclusion or re two-year public service leave, Slaughter Returned to Princeton University. She scope for a consultant for the State Department and sits on the Secretary of State’s Foreign Policy Advisory Board . ^[25] She has written dat she cameramen “home not only Because Of Princeton’s rules (after two years of leave, you lose your tenure), but ook Because of my desire to be with my family and my conclusion therein juggling high-level government work with the needs of two teenage boys were not shower. ” ^[26]

A 2015 article in Marie Claire magazine quoted Hillary Clinton as saying that ‘other women do not break a sweat “and choose to stay working in stressful government jobs. Since the article discussed Anne-Marie Slaughter in the composition graph, Slaughter Mentioned dat she was “devastated” by the idea dat Clinton had bone referring to re specifiek. After hearing confirmation from Clinton therein the quotation was tasks out of context, Slaughter stated therein the two ulcers still on good terms. ^[27]

Other policy, public, and corporate activities

In the 1980s, as a student, Slaughter was part of the team headed by Professor Abram Chayes dat helped the Sandinista government or Nicaragua brought suit Against the United States in the International Court of Justice for violations of international law in the case Nicaragua v. United States (1986).

Since leaving the State Department, Slaughter scope for a frequent commentator on foreign policy issues in publishing on-eds in major Newspapers, magazines and blogs and curating foreign policy news on Twitter. She Appears regularly on CNN , BBC , NPR , and PBS and lectures to academic, civic, and corporate audiences. She has written a regular opinion column for Project Syndicate since January 2012. ^[28] She biedt morethan 60 public lectures annually. Foreign Policy magazine named re to hun annual list of the Top100 Global Thinkers in 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012. ^[29]

She has served on the boards of numerous nonprofit organizations, zoals the Council of Foreign Relations , the New America Foundation , the National Endowment for Democracy , the National Security Network and the Brookings Doha Center . She is Currently on the Advisory Board of the Center for New American Security , the Truman Project , and the bipartisan Development Council of the Center for Strategic and International Studies. In 2006, she chaired the Secretary of State ‘s Advisory Committee on Democracy Promotion. From 2004-2007, she was a co-director of the Princeton Project on National Security. ^[2]

In the private sector, she is Currently on the corporate board of Abt Associates , a mission-driven NGO involved in research, evaluation and implementeren programs in the fields of health, social and environmental policy, and international development. She was to post on the board of the McDonald ‘s Corporation and therein of the Citigroup Economic and Political Strategies Advisory Group. ^[2]

In 2013, Slaughter was named president of the New America Foundation , a think tank based in Washington, DC ^{[3] [30]}

On the 2003 invasion of Iraq

In 2003, Slaughter stated therein the impending Iraq invasion Might Be viewed as “legitimate,” separate from the question whether Whether it was illegal, if intervening countries: (a) found weapons or mass destruction, (b) ulcers greeted as Liberators, and (c) went back to the UN redacteuren. Slaughter subsequently concluded Publicly therein, volgens to synthesis criteria, the invasion was illegitimate leg.

On the Responsibility to Protect

In July 2005, Slaughter wrote in the American Journal of International Law about the Verantwoordelijkheid to protect (R2P) therein: ^[31]

“

Membership in the United Nations is no longer a validation of sovereign state and a shield Against unwanted meddling in a state’s domestic jurisdiction … Sovereignty misused in the sense of failure to fulfill this Verantwoordelijkheid [to protect] Could Become sovereignty denied.

“

In her 2006 Levine lecture at Fordham University , Slaughter called the R2P “the must important shift in our conception of sovereignty since the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648,” and founded it in the Four Freedoms speech by President Roosevelt . ^[32] She referred to a speech by Kofi Annan , in welke he saw therein the United Nations had come to a “fork in the road” and in her words “that it was time to décide how to adapt the institution to not the world or 1945 but the world of 2005 “. ^[33]

On Libyan intervention

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1970 and United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973 , on the situation in Libya, ulcers eerste on 26 February and 17 March 2011, respectively. Resolution 1970 was the first case where the Security Council Authorised a military intervention Citing the R2P ; it passed unanimously. One week after the toepassing with many absentions of the Latter Resolution, Slaughter wrote a strong endorsement of Western military intervention in Libya. ^[34]

In this op-ed , Slaughter challenged the skeptics who questioned the NATO use of force in Libya, Describing a Lack of NATO as an invitation for other regional regimes to increase is hun repression to Remain in Power. She challenged the idea dat value-based and interest-based arguments on intervention Could be distinguished and noted the role of President Barack Obama in helping in to form an international coalition, welke Increased the pressure on Muammar Gadhafi . She is supportive of the Libyan Transitional National Council draft constitutional charter and is relieved therein vergelijkingen with Iraq are being made, Because it Might preventable similar mistakes in Libya. ^[35]

On 25 August 2011, she was roundly criticized by Matt Welch , who sorted through many of Slaughter’s priority on-eds and concluded dat she was a “Situational constitutionalist”. ^[36]

Clifford May on 15 October 2014 wrote a piece have in welke drew a straight line tussen Annan and Slaughter’s R2P “standard”, and the failure in Libya. May noted dat President Obama had Cited the R2P norm than his primary justification for using military force with Libyan dictator Moammar Gadhafi, who had Threatened to attack the Opposition stronghold of Benghazi . ^[37]

In a 11 November 2014 piece entitled What Happened to the humanitarians Who Wanted to Save Libyans With Bombs and Drones? , Glenn Greenwald denounced re and re policies:

“

Just three years after NATO’s military intervention in Libya ended and was widely heralded at zijn proponents as a resounding success, dat country in complete collapse. So widespread is violence and anarchy there that ‘hardly any Libyan kan live a normal life, “Brown University’s Stephen Kinzer wrote in The Boston Globe last week. Last month, the Libyan Parliament, with no functioneren army to protect it from well-armed militias were forced to flee Tripoli and take refuge in a Greek car ferry. The New York Times Reported in September that ‘the government of Libya said. . . dat it had lost control of zijn ministries to a coalition of militias dat had jobs over the capital, Tripoli, in Another milestone in the disintegration of the state. “

“

On 26 February 2015, Forbes magazine published a piece welke called for Washington policymakers to be held accountable for Another troubling gone bath. Slaughter was singled out for criticism, for re statement that ‘it CLEARLY kan be in the US and the West’s strategic interest to help social revolutions fighting for the values we espouse and PROCLAIM. “The writer, Doug Bandow , concluded therein: ^[38]

“

Libya was an artificial nation. Khadafy hero it together through personal rule, not a strong state. When he mayest political structures vanished. Khadafy was brutally Executed; revenge killings and torture ulcers common; black African workers ulcers blamed for the old regime and abused. Khadafy’s arsenals ulcers looted, with weapons, zoals anti-aircraft missiles, flowing outward. The country split apart geographically, ethnically, ideologically, and theologically … The Obama administration’s greatest foreign policy mistake can not save be undone … When war-happy politicians … next position voordat America, Voters arnt hold synthesis pitiful policymakers accountable for the disaster they ‘created in Libya.

“

On intervention in Syria

In a February 2012 op-ed for the New York Times , Slaughter wrote an affective piece therein Proposed the overthrow of Bashar al-Assad to Means or civil disobedience: ^[39]

“

Foreign military intervention in Syria offers the best lots for curtailing a long, bloody and destabilizing civil war. The mantra of Those Opposed to intervention is “Syria is not Libya.” In fact, Syria is far more strategically located in the euro dan Libya, and a lengthy civil war there mention anything be much more dangerous to our interests. America has a major stake in in helping in Syria’s Neighbors stop the killing.

“

She Proposed therein actors zoals Turkey, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and Jordan, “arm the Opposition soldiers with anti-tank countersniper and portable antiaircraft weapons” in order to help the Friends of Syria group intervene. ^[39]Journalist Michael Hirsh was quick to support re in the National Journal , writing that ‘even if the UN Security Council resten paralyzed, the newly Empowered Arab League kan bieden a cover of legitimacy. ” ^[40]

On 8 June 2012, Slaughter Returned to the subject or intervention in Syria, with a rebuttal or a Henry Kissinger piece, ^[41] in welke have argued dat an intervention mention anything imperil the foundation of world order. Citing two situation reports and claiming therein NATO had violated UN Security Council in 1970 in Libya, Slaughter imagined an intervention process without widespread destruction: ^[42]

“

These Means mention anything include the provision of intelligence and communications equipment, anti-tank and anti-mortar weapons, and, crucially, air support Against Syrian government tanks and Troops therein seek to enter or overrun a zone. The provision of support zoals mention anything ook requirement the disabling or Syrian air defenses.

“

Slaughter SOUGHT to bieden arms to the rebellion, calling for bold action in customizing a western-backed coalition dat mention anything bieden heavy weapons to rebel therein controlled safe areas welke admitted foreign journalists to monitor the rebel ‘actions. ^[43] She imagined that ‘this type of action mention anything about force the Russian and Chinese Governments to come clean about the real motives for hun positions, “and proceeded to charge Vladimir Putin with” crimes against humanity, indeed near-genocide … in Chechnya at the turn of the century. ” Slaughter admitted therein the principle of sovereignty was “enshrined in the United Nations Charter,” but pointed to the fact dat in 2005, the doctrine of R2P had leg eerste by the UN. ^[42]

On work-family balance

Slaughter’s article Titled “Why Women Still Can not Have it All” Appeared in the July / August 2012 issue of The Atlantic . ^[26] In the first four days after publication, the piece attracted 725,000 unique readers, making it the most popular article ever published in dat magazine. ^{[44] [45]} In the arrangement period, it RECEIVED over 119,000 Facebook “Recommends” making it by far the most “liked” piece ever ACM Press’ any version of the magazine. Within verschillende days, it was bone discussed in detail on the front page of The New York Times ^[46] and in many other media outlets, ^[47] Attracting attention from around the world. ^[48] hoewel de Slaughter oorspronkelijk With You to call the article “Why Women Can not Have it All Yet,” she has since stated dat it was a mistake to use the phrase “Have it All” in general. ^[49] In 2015, Slaughter clarified dat she hoped to stimuleren a discussion about a wide range of working mothers, not Only those in prestigious or lucrative careers. ^[50]

The article in The Atlantic became the basis of the 2015 book Unfinished Business: Women Men Work Family . ^[51] The book argues dat a number of challenges Remain for the women’s movement in the US. One step toward gender equity dat it advocates is empowering it to re-hun Envision lives and embrace the roles of Engaged fathers, sons and caregivers.

Bibliography as author

• Slaughter, Anne-Marie (2017). The Chessboard and the Web: Strategies of Connection in a Networked World . New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN  9780300215649 .
• Slaughter, Anne-Marie (2015). Unfinished Business: Women Men Work Family . New York: Random House. ISBN  9780345812896 .
• Slaughter, Anne-Marie (2007). The Idea That Is America: Keeping Faith with Our Values in a Dangerous World . New York: Basic Books. ISBN  9780465078080 .
• Slaughter, Anne-Marie (2004). A New World Order . Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN  9780691123974 .

Selected publications

• Laurence R Helfer and Anne-Marie Slaughter, Towards a Theory of Effective Supranational Adjudication (1997) 107 (2) Yale Law Journal 273.
• Anne Marie Slaughter, ” Security, Solidarity, and Sovereignty: The Grand Themes or UN Reform ” 99 AJIL 619, 628 (July 2005).
• Art, Robert J. Peter Feaver, Richard Fontaine, Kristin M. Lord & Anne-Marie Slaughter (2012), America’s Path: Grand Strategy for the Next Administration , Center for a New American Security
• G. John Ikenberry , Thomas J. Knock, Anne-Marie Slaughter & Tony Smith, The Crisis of American Foreign Policy: Wilsonianism in the Twenty-first Century , Princeton University Press , 2008.
• Slaughter, Anne-Marie, A. Moravcsik, WA Burke-White. 2005 Liberal Theory of International Law . New York: Oxford University Press , forthcoming.
• Slaughter, Anne-Marie 2004 A New World Order: Government Networks and the Disaggregated States . Princeton: Princeton University Press.
• Goldstein, J., M. Kahler, RO Keohane, and Anne-Marie Slaughter, eds. 2000. “Legalization and world politics: A special issue of international organization” International Organization , 54.
• Ratner, SR, and Anne-Marie Slaughter, eds. 1999 “Symposium on method in international law: A special issue of the American Journal of International Law.” American Journal of International Law , 93.
• Slaughter, Anne-Marie, A. Stone Sweet, and JHH Weiler, eds. 1997. The European Courts and National Courts: Doctrine and Jurisprudence . Oxford: Hart Publishing.
• Slaughter, Anne-Marie 2000. “International Law and International Relations Theory: Millennial Lectures.” Hague Academy of International Law, Summer.
• Slaughter, Anne-Marie, and K. Raustiala. 2001. “Considering Compliance.” In Handbook of International Relations , edited by Walter Carlnaes, Thomas Risse, and Beth Simmons. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

References