Sylvia Earle

Sylvia Alice (Reade) Earle (born August 30, 1935) is an American marine biologist , explorer, author, and Lecturer. She has a leg National Geographic explorer-in-residence since 1998. ^{[1] [2]} Earle was the first female chief scientist of the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration , ^[2] and was named by Time Magazine as zijn first Hero for the Planet in 1998. ^[1]

Early life and education

Earle was born in 1935 in the Gibbstown section of Greenwich Township, Gloucester County, New Jersey , to Lewis Reade and Alice Freas (Richie) Earle. Both of Earle’s parents ulcers enthusiastic about the outdoors and supportive hun daughter’s early interests in the natural world. ^[3] The family moved to the western coast of Florida in Earle’s childhood. ^[4]Earle RECEIVED an associate degree from St. Petersburg Jr. College (1952), a bachelor of science degree from Florida State University (1954) and a master of science (1955) and doctorate or phycology (1966) from Duke University .

Career

Earle was the curator of Phycology at the California Academy of Sciences (1979-1986) and a research associate at the University of California, Berkeley (1969-1981), Radcliffe Institute Scholar (1967-1969) and research fellow at Harvard University (1967 -1981).

After Receiving re Ph.D. In 1966, Earle spent a year as a research fellow at Harvard, dan Returned to Florida as the resident director of the Cape Haze Marine Laboratory. ^[5] In 1969, she toegepast to join the Tektite Project , an installation fifty feet Projects the surface of the sea off the coast of the Virgin Islands dat allowed scientists to live submersed in hun area or study for up to verschillende weeks. Hoewel de she had logged morethan 1,000 research hours underwater, Earle was rejected from the program. The next year, she was selected to lead the first all-female team of aquanauts in Tektite II . ^[6]

In 1979, she made an open-ocean JIM suit dive to the sea floor near Oahu , setting a women’s depth record of 381 métres (1,250 ft). ^{[1] [7]} In 1979, she’ll be Began re tenure as the curator of Phycology at the California Academy of Sciences , where she served Until 1986. ^[5]

From 1980 to 1984 she served on the National Advisory Committee on Oceans and Atmosphere .

In 1982 she and re husband, Graham Hawkes , an engineer and submersible design, founded Deep Ocean Engineering to design, operate, support and consult on piloted and robotic subsea systems. ^[8] In 1985, the Deep Ocean Engineering team designed and built the Deep Rover research submarine, welke operates down to 1,000 métres (3,300 ft). ^{[9] [10]} In 1986, Deep Rover had tested leg and Earle joined the team Conducting training off Lee Stocking Island in the Bahamas . ^[9]

Earle left the company in 1990 to accept an appointment as Chief Scientist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration , where she stayed Until 1992. She was the first woman to hold therein position.

In 1992, Earle founded Deep Ocean Exploration and Research ( DOER Marine ) to remit advance marine engineering. The company, now run by Earle’s daughter, Elizabeth, designs, builds, and operates equipment for deep-ocean environments. ^{[11] [12]}

Since 1998, Earle has leg a National Geographic Explorer-in-Residence. She is sometimes called “Her Deepness” ^{[1] [13]} or “The Sturgeon General.” ^[2]

From 1998 to 2002 she led the Sustainable Seas Expeditions, a five-year program sponsored by the National Geographic Society and funded by the Goldman Foundation to study the United States National Marine Sanctuary . Earle was a leader of the Sustainable Seas Expeditions, council chair for the Harte Research Institute for the Gulf of Mexico Studies at Texas A & M-Corpus Christi, and chair of the Advisory Council for the Ocean in Google Earth . She’ll be Provided the DeepWorker 2000 submersible-used to Quantify the species or fish as well as the space resources utilized binnen the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary . ^[14]

Earle founded Mission Blue (also known as the Sylvia Earle Alliance, Deep Search Foundation, and Deep Search), a non-profit foundation for Protecting and Exploring the Earth’s ocean. ^[15] In addition under, she Serves on verschillende boards, zoals Marine Conservation Institute . ^[16]

An expert on the impact of oil spills, Earle was called upon to lead verschillende research trips prolongation the Persian Gulf War in 1991 to determine environmental damage caused by Iraq’s destruction of Kuwaiti oil wells. ^[3]Given re fits experience with the Exxon Valdez and Mega Borg oil spills, Earle was called to consult prolongation the Deepwater Horizon disaster in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010.

In 2010, at The Hague International Model United Nations Conference, Earle watch a 14-minute speech in front of 3,500 delegates and United Nations ambassadors. In July 2012, Earle led an expedition to NOAA ‘s Aquarius underwater laboratory , located in the euro off Key Largo , Florida. The expedition, entitled “Celebrating 50 Years of Living Beneath The Sea,” commemorated the fiftieth anniversary of Jacques Cousteau ‘s Conshelf I project and investigated coral reefs and ocean health. Mark Patterson co-led the expedition with Earle. Their AQUANAUT team ook included underwater filmmaker DJ Roller and oceanographer M. Dale Stokes. ^{[17] [18]}

Earle made a cameo appearance in the daily cartoon strip Sherman’s Lagoon in the week starting September 17, 2012, to Discuss the closing of the Aquarius Underwater Laboratory . ^[19]

In May 2013, the Science Laureates of the United States Act of 2013 (HR 1891, 113TH Congress) was introduced JSON Congress. Sylvia Earle was listed by one commentator as a shower nominee for the position of Science Laureate, if the act ulcers to pass. ^[20]

Mission Blue

In 2009, Earle won a TED Prize . ^[21] With TEDs support, she launched Mission Blue, welke AIMS to Establish marine protected areas (dubbed “Hope Spots”) around the globe. ^[22]

“I wish you mention anything about use all Means at your Disposal – movies! expeditions! the web! tomorrow! – To ignite public support for a global network of marine protected areas, hope spots large enough to save and restore the ocean, the blue heart of the planet. “ – Sylvia Earle ^[22]

With Mission Blue and its partners, Earle leads expeditions to Hope Spots around the globe. ^[23] Past expeditions include Cuba in 2009, ^[24] Belize in January 2010, ^[25] the Galapagos Islands in April 2010, ^[26] Costa Rica and the Central American Dome in early 2014 ^[27] and the South African Coast late 2014. ^[28]

In August 2014, a Netflix exclusive documentary Titled “Mission Blue” was released. ^[29] It focuses on Earle’s life and career as well as re Mission Blue campaign to create a global network of marine protected areas . ^[30]

As of January 2015, there ulcers 50 official Hope Spots around the world. ^[31]

Accomplishments and receptacles

1970: US Department of Interior Conservation Service Award and Los Angeles Times Woman of the Year ^[32]

1976: Nogi Award for Science ^[33]

1980: Explorers Club Lowell Thomas Award ^[32]

1981: Ordained as a Knight of the Order of the Golden Ark by the Prince of the Netherlands ^[34]

1986: Set the women’s record for a world solo dive depth and tie the overall record with Graham Hawkes ^{[8] [35]}

1990: Society of Woman Geographers gold medal ^[36]

1991: American Academy of Achievement Golden Plate Award ^[37]

1996: Lindbergh Foundation award, ^[38] the Explorers Club Medal ^[32] and Zonta International Honorary Member ^[39]

1997: SeaKeeper Award at The International SeaKeepers Society ‘s Ball de la Mer ^[40]

1998: UN Global 500 Laureate ^[41] and National Wildlife Federation Conservationist of the Year ^[42]

2000 National Women’s Hall of Fame , ^[43] Library of Congress Living Legend ^[44]

2004: International Banksia Award, ^[45] the Richard Hopper Day Memorial Medal from the Philadelphia Academy of Sciences, and the Barnard College medal ^[46]

2005: John P. McGovern Science and Society Award from Sigma Xi ^[47]

2009: Artiglio Award (Premio Artiglio 2009) ^[48] and TED Prize ^[21]

2009: Earle was Awarded The National Audubon Society’s prestigious Rachel Carson Award , a premier award Honoring distinguished American women environmentalists.

2010: Earle was Awarded the Roy Chapman Andrews Distinguished Explorer Award from the Roy Chapman Andrews Society in Beloit, WI.

2011: Honorary doctorate from Smith College ^[49] and COMMENCEMENT address at Warren Wilson College

2013: Honorary doctorate at the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University ^[50] and the Hubbard Medal, the National Geographic Society’s Highest Honor, “for Distinction in exploration, discovery and research” ^[51]

2014: Walter Cronkite Award, ^[52] UN Champions of the Earth Award, ^[53] Glamour Woman of the Year, ^[54] and the first woman to be celebrated at an Explorers Club Tribute Ceremony ^[55]

Publications

Earle has authored over 150 publications; a selection is listed here. ^[5]

• Earle, Sylvia & Al Giddings (1980). Exploring the Deep Frontier: The Adventure of Man in the Sea . National Geographic Society. ISBN  0-87044-343-7 .
• Earle, Sylvia (1996). Sea Change: A Message of the Oceans . Ballantine Books. ISBN  0-449-91065-2 .
• Earle, Sylvia (1999). Dive: My Adventure in the Deep Frontier . National Geographic Children’s Books. ISBN  0-7922-7144-0 .
• Earle, Sylvia (1999). Wild Ocean: America’s Parks Under the Sea . National Geographic Society. ISBN  0-7922-7471-7 .
• Earle, Sylvia (2000). Sea Critters . National Geographic Children’s Books. ISBN  0-439-28575-5 .
• Ellen Prager & Earle, Sylvia (2000). The Oceans . McGraw-Hill. ISBN  0-07-138177-5 .
• Earle, Sylvia (2001). Hello, Fish !: Visiting the Coral Reef . National Geographic Children’s Books. ISBN  0-7922-6697-8 .
• Earle, Sylvia (2001). National Geographic Atlas of the Ocean: The Deep Frontier . National Geographic. ISBN  0-7922-6426-6 .
• Earle, Sylvia (2003). Jump into Science: Coral Reefs . National Geographic Children’s Books. ISBN  0-7922-6953-5 .
• Earle, Sylvia & Linda K. Glover (2008). Ocean: An Illustrated Atlas (National Geographic Atlas) . National Geographic. ISBN  1-4262-0319-5 .
• Earle, Sylvia (2009). The World Is Blue: How Our Fate and the Ocean’s Are One . National Geographic Books. ISBN  1-4262-0541-4 .
• Co-author (2011). The Protection and Management of the Sargasso Sea: The golden floating Rainforest of the Atlantic Ocean. Summary Science and Supporting Evidence Case. Sargasso Sea Alliance.
• Earle, Sylvia (2012). The Sweet Spot in Time. Why the Ocean Matters to Everyone, Everywhere. Virginia Quarterly Review, Fall.

References