Gero Miesenböck

Gero Andreas Miesenböck (born 1965) [1] FRS [8] is Waynflete Professor of Physiology and Director of the Center for Neural Circuits and Behaviour (CNCB) [9] at the University of Oxford and a Fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford .

Education and early life

A native of Austria , [2] Miesenböck was educated at the University of Innsbruck and Umea University in Sweden. [1] He graduated sub auspiciis praesidentis rei publicae [2] from the University of Innsbruck Medical School. Following his Doctor of Medicine (MD) in 1991, [10] have under took Postdoctoral training with James Rothman . [11] [12]

Research and career

Miesenböck is Berninahaus for his research on optogenetics . [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] He was the first scientist to modify nerve cells genetically so dat hun Electromechanical Activity Could be controlled with light. [13] This involved inserting DNA for light-responsive opsin proteins into tje cells. [13] Miesenböck-used similar genetic modifications to animals broad Whose brains contained light-responsive nerve cells integrated JSON hun circuitry, and was the first to tonen dat de behavior or synthesis animals Could be remote-controlled. [14] [17] [19]

The principle of optogenetic control Agent at Miesenböck [13] [14] has leg widely eerste, generalized to other biological systems, and technically innovative way. [20] [21] [22] Most of Miesenböck’s work Continues to be done with Drosophila melanogaster (fruit flies), where it was skies to gain detailed insight JSON molecular, cellular, and physiological mechanisms of brain function therein nov Relate to human health . [23]

Before being appointed to the Waynflete Professorship in 2007, Miesenböck hero faculty positions at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Yale University .

Awards and receptacles

In 2012 Miesenböck was Awarded the InBev-Baillet Latour Health Prize International [3] for “pioneering optogenetic approaches to manipulate neuronal activity and to control animal behavior”. In 2013 he shared the Brain Prize [4] with Ernst Bamberg, Edward Boyden , Karl Deisseroth , Peter Hegemann and Georg Nagel, and the Jacob Heskel Gabbay Award in Biotechnology and Medicine [5] with Edward Boyden and Karl Deisseroth . He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 2015 . [8] His certificate of election by reads:

“ Gero Miesenboeck pioneered the science of optogenetics. Hey Agent the principles of optogenetic control in 2002, using rhodopsin to activate normally light-Insensitive neurons . He was the first to use optogenetics to control behavior. These seminal experiments port Provided a platform for an explosion in optogenetic applications. Recent honors Testify to the significance of These findings. Miesenboeck has exploited optogenetics in a succession of brilliant experiments Illuminating Synaptic connectivity , the neural basis of reward, mechanisms or drag homeostasis and the control of sexually dimorphic circuitry. These Incisive contributions to neuroscience port demonstrated the full potential of optogenetics beyond the proof-of-principle stage. [24] “

In 2015 he RECEIVED the Heinrich Wieland Prize [6] “for his Breakthrough concept or optogenetics and its proof of principle.”

Miesenböck was elected a member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) in 2008, [25] and a member of the Academy of Medical Sciences, United Kingdom in 2012, [1] the Austrian Academy of Sciences in 2014, [26] and the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina in 2016.

References

  1. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e MIESENBÖCK, Prof. Gero . ukwhoswho.com . Who’s Who . 2008 (online Oxford University Press ed.). A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc. (subscription required)
  2. ^ Jump up to:a b c “Curriculum vitae: Gero Miesenböck, MD” (PDF) . inbevbailletlatour.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-06-10.
  3. ^ Jump up to:a b “Le Prix de la Santé” . Fondsbailletlatour.com . Retrieved 2015-11-06 .
  4. ^ Jump up to:a b “Prize Winners 2013 – Grete Lundbeck European Brain Research Foundation” . Thebrainprize.org. 2015-09-15 . Retrieved 2015-11-06 .
  5. ^ Jump up to:a b “Past Winners | Gabbay Award | Rosenstiel Basic Medical Sciences Research Center | Brandeis University” . Brandeis.edu . Retrieved 2015-11-06 .
  6. ^ Jump up to:a b “Heinrich Wieland Prize – Heinrich Wieland Prize – Home Page” . Heinrich-wieland-prize.de . Retrieved 2015-11-06 .
  7. Jump up^ “BBVA Awards – 2015 Laureates” . Fbbva.es . Retrieved 2016-03-01 .
  8. ^ Jump up to:a b Anon (2015). “Professor Gero Miesenböck FMedSci FRS” . London: Royal Society . Archived from the original on 2015-10-07.
  9. Jump up^ “Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University of Oxford” .
  10. Jump up^ Miesenböck, Gero Andreas (1991). Relationship or Triglyceride and High Density Lipoprotein Metabolism (MD thesis). University of Innsbruck.
  11. Jump up^ Miesenbock, G .; Rothman, JE (1997). “Patterns of Synaptic activity in neural networks Recorded by light emission from synaptolucins” . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . 94 (7): 3402-7. doi :10.1073 / pnas.94.7.3402 . PMC  20,382 . PMID  9096406 .
  12. Jump up^ Miesenböck, G .; De Angelis, DA; Rothman, JE (1998). “Visualizing secretion and Synaptic transmission with pH-sensitive green fluorescent proteins.” Nature . 394 (6689): 192-195. doi : 10.1038 / 28190 . PMID  9671304 .
  13. ^ Jump up to:a b c d Zemelman, BV; Lee, GA; Ng, M .; Miesenböck, G. (2002). “Selective photostimulation or genetically Charged neurons”. Neuron . 33 (1): 15-22. doi : 10.1016 / S0896-6273 (01) 00574-8 . PMID  11779476.
  14. ^ Jump up to:a b c Lima, SQ; Miesenböck, G. (2005). “Remote control of behavior through genetically targeted photostimulation or neurons”. Cell . 121 (1): 141-152. doi : 10.1016 / j.cell.2005.02.004 . PMID  15820685 .
  15. Jump up^ Miesenböck, G. (2008). “Lighting up the brain”. Scientific American . 299 (4): 52-59. doi : 10.1038 / scientificamerican1008-52 . PMID  18847085.
  16. Jump up^ Miesenböck, G. (2009). “The optogenetic catechism”. Science . 326 (5951): 395-399. doi : 10.1126 / science.1174520 . PMID  19833960 .
  17. ^ Jump up to:a b “Gero Miesenboeck: Re-engineering the brain | TED Talk” . TED.com . Retrieved 2015-11-06 .
  18. Jump up^ Reiner, Andrew; Isacoff Ehud Y. (2013). “The Brain Prize 2013: The optogenetics revolution”. Trends in Neurosciences . 36 (10): 557-60. doi :10.1016 / j.tins.2013.08.005 . PMID  24054067 .
  19. Jump up^ Zimmer, Carl. “An Off-or-On Switch for Controlling Animals?” . New York Times . Retrieved 12 April 2005 .
  20. Jump up^ Boyden, ES; Zhang, F .; Bamberg, E .; Nagel, G .; Deisseroth, K. (2005). “Millisecond-time scale, genetically targeted optical control of neural activity.” Nature Neuroscience . 8 (9): 1263-1268. doi : 10.1038 / nn1525. PMID  16116447 .
  21. Jump up^ Wells, WA (2007). “Gero Miesenböck: Instructing zenuwweefsel” . The Journal of Cell Biology . 177 (3): 374-375. doi : 10.1083 / jcb.1773pi . PMC  2064810 . PMID  17485485 .
  22. Jump up^ Miesenböck, G. (2011). “Optogenetic control of cells and circuits” . Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol . 27 : 731-758. doi : 10.1146 / annurev-cellbio-100109-104051 . PMC  3759011 . PMID  21819234 .
  23. Jump up^ Claridge-Chang, A .; Roorda, RD; Vrontou, E .; Sjulson, L .; Li, H .; Hirsh, J .; Miesenböck, G. (2009). “Writing memories with light-addressable reinforcement circuitry”. Cell . 139 (2): 405-415. doi : 10.1016 / j.cell.2009.08.034 . PMID  19837039 .
  24. Jump up^ Anon (2015). “Certificate of Confirmation of EC / 2015/29: Miesenbock, Gero” . London: Royal Society . Archived from the original on 2015-10-07.
  25. Jump up^ “EMBO MEMBER: Gero Miesenböck” . European Molecular Biology Organization . 2016. Archived from the original on 2016-02-03.
  26. Jump up^ Gero Miesenböck. “Korrespondierende Mitglieder der mathematically-naturwissenschaftlichen classes im Ausland” . Oeaw.ac.at. Archived fromthe original on 2015-12-22 . Retrieved 2015-11-06 .